资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
二十大代表风采丨旦增顿珠:二十余年匠人经历诠释西藏民族工业精神****** 中新网拉萨10月8日电 题:旦增顿珠:二十余年匠人经历诠释西藏民族工业精神 中新网记者 赵朗 40岁的旦增顿珠与同事们仍奋战在24小时不间断的水泥生产一线,新冠肺炎疫情之下,工作内容与往日并无不同。他说,在这特殊时期,仍在正常生产,保供重点工程项目。 旦增顿珠是西藏高争建材股份有限公司(原拉萨水泥厂)副总经理、制成车间主任,他在这里已经工作了22年。在去年,他获得了全国五一劳动奖章。 他所工作的这家水泥厂是西藏最早的为数不多的现代化工业企业之一,1962年开始投产。自2000年中专毕业进入该企业后,这位普通年轻人的人生便与西藏民族工业发展有着千丝万缕的联系。 电话采访中,他告诉记者,刚进工厂第一年,在行政岗位,直到2004年,走上了技术岗位,参与到生产一线中。他说:“起初跟着厂里的师父学习,因为感兴趣,也经常自己琢磨研究,做笔记,研究操作、观察数据,经常从实践中验证学习的理论知识。” 图为旦增顿珠(右)与同事。 旦增顿珠本人供图在外人看来枯燥的岗位,旦增顿珠却乐享其中,性格好动,喜欢研究机械。于他而言,这份职业似乎早早为他定位了人生的发展方向。 在热爱中,旦增顿珠创造着自己的职业价值。近20年里,职务虽然变化提升,一直是技术骨干。 参与生产中,旦增顿珠也取得了很多让自己和工厂认可的成绩。在担任制成车间主任的6年间,通过他的不断努力,设备运转率年年提高,特别是在2015年创造了公司历史以来水泥磨机单台系统运转率100%的历史记录。他还为公司节约设备维修费100多万元(人民币,下同)。 2020年,旦增顿珠在制成车间利用停机时间对设备工艺系统进行了技改,减少了设备的跑、冒、滴、漏现象,极大降低了员工的劳动强度,减少了系统的故障点,提高了运转率。通过系统优化,磨机全年平均每台每小时产量大大提升,水泥电耗降低。2020年全年节约电费700多万元,取得了前所未有的好成绩。 图为旦增顿珠(左)与同事进行技术交流。 旦增顿珠本人供图相较内地其他省区,西藏工业起步比较晚,所以公司也会组织员工到内地参观学习。旦增顿珠格外珍惜每次外出学习的机会。他回忆,早些年去山东的一家水泥厂,算是内地水泥行业中的标杆企业。在那里,绿色工厂让他大开眼界。也让这位走出高原的普通工人对绿色工厂和生态环保有了新的认知,更是让他认知到了西藏工业发展与内地的差距。让他最长见识的是,节能技术方面,“这家水泥厂转化废弃利用,用动能取代了电能”。 工厂发展这么多年来,旦增顿珠也见证并参与了水泥生产的技术改革。他说,2008年,厂里生产一线利用水泥煅烧的废气余热进行发电,变动能。2017年,水泥厂改进采用富氧燃烧技术,实现了节能降耗的效果。“西藏本身海拔高缺氧,所以采用这项技术充分燃烧燃料,节约能耗。” “高争是西藏第一家水泥工业企业,到今年刚好60周年。”他说,企业经历了一甲子的变迁,作为二十大代表,他希望在自己擅长的领域中,能有所作为,让这座水泥厂成为西藏自治区的百年民族工业企业,更在高原填补水泥工业技术的空白。(完)
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